Judaeophobia? Identity conflicts of Judaism in antiquity
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In the synagogue of Chammat Tiberias illustrates the bond between the Jewish and Graeco-Roman spheres in antiquity portrayed by the Greek inscription of the founder, the zodiac and a pair of menorahs encircling a Torah sanctuary (Aron). Recent research has paid close attention to these cultural connections. However, the cohabitation and inculturation of Judaism within the pagan world was predominantly not characterized by any implemented antagonism. Thus, although this research is significant, it runs the risk of blurring the boundaries between Judaism and the Greco-Roman world, two extremely different socio-religious systems. Jewish authors such as Flavius Josephus and Philo were interpreted generally in the context of Greco-Roman intellectual traditions, with their own Jewish perspective or identity effectively dissolved behind these readings. Nevertheless, Judaism, in its monotheistic-theocratic form, was distinctly different from its pagan environment, and it also had a considerable influence on the social life of its actors.
This conference (Heidelberg, 25 November 2025, 15.00 – 18. 15, Link on Zoom), held in collaboration with the Seminar für Alte Geschichte und Epigraphik University of Heidelberg and the Hochschule für Jüdische Studien Heidelberg, will examine how ancient Judaism reacted to persistent misunderstandings and conflicts with the Greco-Roman world. This could ultimately have led to Jewish ‘nationalism’, thus to an increasingly strong consolidation of genuine Jewish identity and, in turn, to a Judeophobia in the Graeco-Roman world.
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